Self-idealization and Annie Reich's Compensatory Narcissist Jack Rubins (pg. 316) identifies some of the Freudian analysts who were influenced by Karen Horney. "Horney's concept of irrational self-idealization was further amplified by Annie Reich, Jeanne Lampl-de Groot and Samuel Novey. It was redefined much as Horney conceived it to be, as a narcissistic defensive operation against anxiety, rather than simply as part of the normal ego ideal. These authors still linked it directly to traumatic experiences of the infant; grandiose fantasies would be a compensation for feelings of helplessness. More recently, younger Freudian analysts like Heinz Kohut and Otto Kernberg have extended and refined her concept of neurotic, defensive narcissism, especially in relation to the borderline personality. Their work is replete with terms introduced by Horney, such as splitting of the self into omnipotent and self-devaluative attitudes, pathological self-esteem and integration of the self. The Idealized Self and Grace Jack L. Rubins (1978). Karen Horney: Gentle Rebel of Psychoanalysis. New York: Dial Press.

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